ORTHODOXISM - HISTORY

After 313, the Catholic church became public. The head of the Church was proclaimed Bishop of Rome (the Pope). At this time in church rites and ordinances, penetrate which isn't in the Bible:

- a celebration of Sunday instead of Saturday (Decree 321, Constantine of Laodicea Cathedral of 364)

- reverence of icons (finalized in 787 A.D.)

- the order of worship, liturgy of St. Basil the great (370)

- the sign of the cross (360, Confirmed in 680 )

- the adoration of the Virgin Mary and Saints (715)

- Gold vestments of priests (600 g)

- candle light at any time of the day (545)

- the custom of praying to the East (532)

- sprinkled with water (682)

- the censing of the incense (337)

The Catholic Church was first unified. In 395 the Roman Empire was shared on the West and East.

Centre of West - Rome under Pope

Center East - Constantinople under the Caesar (it became the capital in 330 with this and started dividing the Church)

The Eastern Church in the late 5th century became the lead the emperor himself, and Dad had the influence of only to the West. (He was too far away to the emperor was the one. Another in its home turf has combined political and spiritual authority.)

The difference in philosophy:

West - more practical, but not interested in theology (interpretation dogmas)

East - dealt with theological issues in philosophical spirit

Other differences:

                       West                                                                             East

1. The clergy banned                                                    1. Resolved white clergy marriages

    getting married                                                            (not accepting monasticism)

2. The priests were allowed to shave beard                 2. The priests were to wear beard

3. Considered Latin language the most important       3. Considered the main (Special) Greek

4. Added to the Nicene Creed,                                    4. Believes that the spirit proceeds from the father only

    That the Holy Spirit proceeds "from the son"               in the name of the Son (John 14.26; 16.59)

5. Advocated the worship of icons, statues,                5. Drove the worship of statues, but left

    and crosses                                                                  icons (strict Canon) and the cross

In addition, from the outset, controversy over the date of Easter.

In the 9th century in the Eastern Orthodox Church made the brothers Cyril (Constantine) and Methodius from Thessaloniki. They invented our alphabet and translated the Bible into Slavic language is also taught in schools and Church Slavonic in Church Slavonic. (The papacy also believed that one can only serve God in three languages: Hebrew, Greek and Latin.)

Treatment of Slavs: 864 - Bulgaria under Tsar Boris baptized ; 965 - christened Olga the Princess, and her grandson, 988, Vladimir was baptized and baptized the Old Kievan Rus. In the mid - 9th century, Pope Nicholas I tried to influence the appointment of the head of the East-churches - Patriarch of Constantinople (Pope towered over all the Patriarchs). But the Byzantines rebelled against that. In the middle of the 11th century the Patriarch Michael accused the Catholics for being used for communion unleavened bread (Exodus 13, Mt 26.26). Pope Leo IX sent to Byzantium cardinal Gumbert and other legates to resolve the dispute, but it did not help. July 16, 1054, the Roman they laid on the altar of the Cathedral of the Holy Sophia in Constantinople of the alienation of the Patriarch and his followers. Patriarch in response betrayed his dad and the hierarchy of the anathema (This anathema (mutual) was noted  December 7, 1965, Paul VI and Afinagor ).

Since then, the Eastern Church became independent. The two churches laid claim to the title of "The Catholic (Universal) Church", but since that name established for Rome, the Eastern Church became known as the Orthodox (i.e. Right).

Until the 14th century in the Orthodox Church there, significant changes in doctrines, and in the work. After 1453, when the Ottoman Turks captured Constantinople, he lost importance, and the leaders of the Russian Orthodox faith became Russian Patriarchs. On the development of the Russian Church also had the effect of Tatar yoke (1237-1480), when Russia was "cut" from Constantinople. After 1453, the residence of the Russian Metropolitan was moved

from Kiev to Moscow (away from Constantinople, closer to the King), and metropolitan became dependent on the influence of secular government. He was soon elected the Metropolitan of Moscow and all Russia. In 1589, the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) became the National Church (Patriarchat). Moscow announced the third Rome (1 - Rome, 2 - Constantinople).

Then in the Russian church split. After 1650, the Patriarch Nikon introduced the CD Patriarch Nikon introduced the "cross yourself" with three fingers instead of two-fingers. Here there was a movement against it, led by Abakum (old believers, who then chased and Abakum was burned as heretic.

In 1722, Peter reformed the administration of the Church. When the Patriarch Athanasius, Peter rebuked to choose a new Patriarch, and placed over the Church Holy Synod, which governed the civilian official, subordinate to the King. So were merged Church and State. This continued until 1917.

The ROC is Anti-Semitism,  frank and hidden too. The church gradually increased hatred towards Jews (they have forgotten that the Jews formed the basis of the first pillar, Church). The Constitution of Pilip Orlik (Ukraine) public faith orthodoxy and has declared against all other faiths, especially Jews. In the early 20th century it was fabricated so-called "Beilis file" about the murder of the boy, in which criminal - Jews who allegedly put to Passover Matzah "blood of Orthodox" (Gen. 9.4, Lev 3.17). In 1905 he founded the "Union of the Russian people" (The Union of Michael the Archangel), - against the Socialists and Jews. At about the same time massacres. Recently the society was created "Memory", which continues the traditions of the "black hundreds". In 1990 year was brutally murdered Alexander Myen (Jew and reformer in orthodoxy), which the leader of the "Memory" Vasilyev called "dangerous heretic".

In 1917, the Communists took power in Russia. They Decree separated the Church from the State and again was allowed to choose the Patriarch. In 1917-23, the persecution of the RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH: the confiscation of church property, depriving the clergy the right to vote, prohibition of religious education. At 1923-28, direct persecution have atheistic propaganda (the anti-religious carnivals, education Union militant atheistic Cove, discrediting the Church). But it's not having success. Then Stalin in 1928-39  in the drastic measures to prevent the closure of services (and destruction) of churches and monasteries (~ 10%, not recovered to this day). Only in 1929, 1400 temples closed - the redone for secular purposes (clubs, gyms, etc.). On the place of the Temple of Christ

Savior wanted to build the Palace of the Soviets, but never built. Many priests have become agents of bodies (GPU-NKVD-KGB) and delivered to parishioners. However, in 1937 half of the population of Russia kept the faith in Christ. Then ceased “atheistic carnavals” shafts and the teaching of atheism in schools. In 1941 the Church supported the Soviet Government during the war and has made religious tolerance, but not complete freedom.

In 1988, the landscape changed. On the occasion of the 1000-anniversary of the baptism of Government Michael Gorbachev appointed his celebration. Gorbachev met with the Patriarch Pimen and arranged a lavish concert at the Kremlin Palace, where gathered for the Communist Party Congresses and their forums were held commemorative meetings.

Some people began to quote Dan 12.1 and to the word "Michael" add word "Tagged" (We owe Gorbachev freedom of conscience). After that, and the Protestants got the discretion to do. December 25, 1989, the first Protestant preacher (Robert Schuller) speaking of saws on the Central television. In 1991, the first President of Russia Boris Yeltsin was blessed by the Patriarch.

Modern Orthodoxy is closer ties with other churches. In 1965, the they agreed with Rome, but continue to accuse Catholics of heresy. They also try to blufftake the Protestants. In 1993, the Supreme Council of Russia passed a law on religions, where It is the leading role of Orthodoxy and Protestants limited rights (they fright place "invasion" of preachers from the West). Currently in the Orthodoxy has occupied split; in Ukraine there are 3 Orthodox Church - Moscow Patriarchate, Kyivan Patriarchate and Autocephalous Church. Rulers, seeing the value of the Church, “make advances”  with it  - they go to Temple, swear on the Bible, met with clergy. The Ortodoxism still inspires all aversion to Protestant churches.

What is happening now with orthodoxy and other churches, points to the most while. It's their rapprochement and cooperation with the State (Rev 13.11-17). You must stay awake and pray about getting of the Holy Spirit (Joel 2.32).