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Wikipedia,
a free encyclopedia
You should not have your son or daughter's
leading son through fire, soothsayer, fortune teller, thief, sorcerer, charmer,
ducor, ducing spirits, wizard and insinuating the dead; for the vile before the
Lord is every one who does this, and for this abomination, your God banishes
them from your face.
Deuteronomy
18.10-12
Esotericism
(from the Greek, is a set of specific interpretations of reality that claim to
be secret and are confirmed by special psycho-spiritual practices.
The
esoteric is a secret, hidden, ordained in the mysteries of a society or
teaching open only to a select few. Antonym is exoteric. It can be used as, for
example: "the esoteric meaning of a rite." It's not a It's not a
In a
narrower sense, esotericism is a doctrine about the inner nature of man.
"Source?"
In the
history of culture, diverse forms of knowledge, different from the classical
scientific model and standard and referred to the "department" of non-scientific
knowledge, are united by a common concept - esotericism.
Content
1 Etymology
2
Esotericism, esotericism
3 Ancient
esotericism
4 Thwards
5
Esotericism in the 19th and 20th centuries
6 Targets
of esoteric systems
7 Esoterics
and Psychology
8 Esoterics
and the occult
9 See Also
10 Notes
11
Literature
12 Links
Etymology
Esotericism
is a concept that originated in the ancient Greek school of Pythagoras and
means the "inner patio" of the temple. Over time, in fact, mingling
with the occult, esotericism began to mean any secret knowledge for "a
select few" that came to us from the depths of the ages.
The terms "ta
es and ta ex" are still found in Plato and Aristotle. The adjective
es'terikos, esoteric from the first time to us, is found at Lucian's work
Selling Lives from an auction, written in 166.
The modern
term "esoteric" was first used in English by Thomas Stanley in 1701
in his work The History of Philosophy to describe the Pythagorean school.
Pythagoras's teachings were divided into the part that was available to all,
and what was taught only by the members of the order, after they took an oath
not to divulge what they had been taught. This part of the Pythagorean
teachings of Stanley and called esoteric. Historians still do not know what the
esoteric part of Pythagoras's teachings was. Later, the term was spread to
other teachings that were not promoted by adherents among the uninitiated. The
noun "esotericism" first appeared in the French language in 1828 and
was popularized by Eliphas Levy in the 1850s. Many modern esoteric teachings
are actively promoted, so they cannot be called secret in the same sense as
esotericism within religions and other esoteric organizations, but only in the
sense that they claim to understand the mystery, inaccessible to the
uninitiated.
Esotherism,
esotericism
Esoterics -
teachings about the hidden mystical essence of objects of the world and man;
the field of study of esoterics are processes taking place in the universe,
synchronously reflected in the depths of the human soul. Esoteric
psychopractice, partly preserved within some mystical traditions, is used by a
limited number of adherents and is mainly applied. Examples of this practice
include Sufism within Islam, nedanin within Taoism, yoga within Hinduism, zen
within Buddhism, ishihaism within Orthodoxy.
Based on
the semantic meaning of the word, esotericism can be labeled any hidden
practice. The term esotericism is more commonly used to describe ancient
esoteric teachings and currents within religions, whereas the term esotericism
is more commonly used in relation to modern currents. In addition, esotericism
often denotes a more general concept, esoteric teachings in general.
Ancient
esotericism
In a sense,
any knowledge in antiquity before the beginning of the development of Greek
civilization can be called esoteric, as only the caste of priests possessed it,
even such practical knowledge as geometry.
In ancient
Greece, esoteric knowledge includes the mysteries of Demeter and Dionysus,
orphism, and a secret part of various philosophies, in particular Pythagoreanism.
It is believed that Plato and Aristotle also divided their teachings into what
was told to all comers, and what was discussed only among the students of Lykeand
and the Academy.
At the end
of the Hellenistic era, hermetism became popular and Corpus Hermeticum, a
collection of texts attributed to Hermes Trismegist, became popular during the
Renaissance.
The
esoteric practices of the East provided the basis for the formation of
subsequent movements of Western mysticism.
Esotericism
is characterized by dualism between secret and open canonical forms, which are
present in many religions (e.g. Judaism). But neither external (open) nor
internal (secret), for all its sorities, are mutually exclusive. At a certain
level of development, inner spiritual life can remain in harmony with the
external. It is implied that esoteric doctrines do not contradict the exoteric
doctrine, but are more complex and inaccessible to the unsophisticated. For
example, in Judaism there are four levels of understanding, three exotherical
and the last, esoteric, having two directions, mystical (Kabbalah) and
philosophical (The teachings of Maimonides) (see Pardes).
Middle Ages
In the
Middle Ages, such trends as astrology, alchemy and magic were almost standard
subjects of the curriculum of the mystically-educated adept of the time. It is
believed that esotericism (or rather occultism) is against the Bible or
Christianity. The Old Testament contains very categorical prohibitions against
occult practices, and a number of new testament texts oppose the penetration of
Gnosticism into Christian faith.
Although
there were such Christian mystics as St. Augustine Aurelius, Thomas Aquinas and
others, who in their works did not exclude mystical understanding and
reunification with God. And Orthodoxy still believes in a number of saints who
survived encounters with angels. That is, esotericism as a concept takes place
in Christianity (see Christian mysticism).
Many secret
esoteric currents have their own history, going back thousands of years. Most of
them did not exist as continuous traditions, sometimes lost and reappeared.
Thus, European esotericism was re-formulated in the 17th century by the Order
of the Rosicrucians and later entered into various currents, such as
Freemasonry.
Esotericism
in the 19th and 20th centuries
The
esoteric teachings of the 20th century were strongly influenced by the
philosophical ideas of E. P. Blavatsky, founder of the Theosophical Society.
Targets of
esoteric systems
The goals
of esoteric systems coincide with religious systems, but there may not be any
connection with a particular religion. Esoteric systems also offer a specific
reproducible set of methods for the expansion of consciousness. The basis of
these changes are the Elevated States of Consciousness (expansion of
consciousness), which differ from the so-called "changed states of
consciousness" (achieved by followers of many religions or psychocults) in
that the changes of the Personality, to the aeso-systems are sustainable. More
broadly, the goal of self-transformation lies outside the zone of personal
self-development, that is, "personality change" is only a means, and
the goal is the final expansion of the essential worldview.
Esoterics
and Psychology
Psychology
is the scientific basis for the description of psycho-states and has only
partly a connection with parapsychology, as well as with mysticism, occultism,
esotericism, psychology has even less in common.
Esotericism
and the occult
The
concepts of esotericism and occultism are not interchangeable, the term
esotericist is broader and includes both occultism and esoteric teachings not
related to the occult. Only those esoteric systems, part of which are occult
practices, can be called occult. Many esoteric systems are ideological or
focused more on self-improvement and mystical experiences such as Sufism,
ishihasm, oriental practices and many of modern New Age teachings, whereas
occultism denotes rather practices aimed at achieving concrete results, the use
of magic, the invocation of spirits, predictions, divination, astrology,
alchemy, numerology, goetia, various ceremonies and other practices, as well as
zzoteric doctrines, with them related, such as hermetism, theosophy, martinism,
spiritualism, spiritualism, esoteric Christianity, and others. For example, the
Kabbalists of the Renaissance were occultists, but Kabbalah is not limited to
occultism, and many Kabbalists do not recognize the occult at all and imply
only ideological system and meditation practices by Kabbalah.
Cm. Also
Showing
compactly
The occult
Mysticism
Mystique
New Age
Human aura
Research
into reincarnation
Numerology
Near-death
experiences
Regression
of a past life
Thin bodies
Esoteric
astrology
Immortality
(Taoism)
Yoga
Kabbalah
Sufism
Tantra
Esoteric
Buddhism
Esoteric
Christianity
Alistair
Crowley
John Dee
Papus
Paracelsus
Rene Genon
Exoteric
Turn to law and revelation. If they don't speak like
that word, there is no light in them.
Isaiah 8.20
ONLY THE BIBLE CORRECTLY ANSWERS QUESTIONS:
Where did our world and man come from?
Evil and its end
How do we live and what is the meaning of life
How to achieve perfection
What's in store for us in the future
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